In GLORY-1, mazdutide 6 mg produced mean body-weight change of approximately negative 15 percent versus negative 0.5 percent with placebo at 48 weeks. The placebo-subtracted treatment difference was approximately negative 14 percentage points. Orforglipron 36 mg achieved approximately negative 12 percent at 72 weeks in ATTAIN-1 but no head-to-head RCT between the two agents exists.
PTI / Peptide Therapy Index
Research Index
Clinical and preclinical peptide therapy research — indexed by study type, assessed for evidence quality. Independent. No affiliates.
Yes. The EECOH-2 phase 3 trial demonstrated that once-weekly ecnoglutide at both tested doses was non-inferior to dulaglutide in HbA1c reduction over 52 weeks, with the higher dose achieving superiority. The gastrointestinal adverse-event profile was mild-to-moderate and did not exceed dulaglutide rates.
The Phase 3 LUCIDITY trial (NCT06747468), with topline data announced August 18, 2026, showed that avexitide — a first-in-class GLP-1 receptor antagonist — reduced the composite rate of Level 2 and Level 3 hypoglycemic events by 55% versus placebo (p=0.000003) over 16 weeks in adults with post-bariatric hypoglycemia following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Amylyx plans an NDA by end of 2026.
The 2026 Mateescu Pharmaceutics review (doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics18050625) identifies a fundamental asymmetry in BPC-157's route-of-administration evidence: oral delivery has the strongest mechanistic rationale for gastrointestinal indications because luminal — not systemic — exposure is the therapeutic target, while parenteral routes face a sub-16-minute intravenous half-life and species-variable intramuscular bioavailability (14–51%) that undermine systemic exposure modelling.
The July 23–24, 2026 FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee voted 8-6 to recommend BPC-157, KPV, and TB-500 for the 503A Bulks List, and 7-5 for MOTS-c — overriding staff's negative briefing documents. The vote is non-binding; formal rulemaking must follow. Retatrutide was not evaluated under this framework: it is advancing toward a 2027 BLA filing on Phase 3 RCT data.
As of mid-2026, no completed randomized controlled trial has evaluated BPC-157 in any acute human muscle injury indication. The musculoskeletal efficacy record is entirely preclinical. One Phase 2 RCT — NCT07437547, targeting acute grade II hamstring strain — is recruiting, with co-primary endpoints of MRI-assessed injury volume at Day 14 and time to return to unrestricted sport.
The Peptide Therapy Index catalogues primary-source research on peptide therapies — clinical trials, preclinical studies, and evidence reviews — assessed for study type and quality. Every entry identifies whether the underlying evidence is from randomised controlled trials, animal models, case series, or review syntheses.
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